The worldwide information infrastructure is today increasingly under attack by cyber criminals and terrorists—and the number, cost, and sophistication of the attacks are increasing at alarming rates. With annual damage around the world now measured in billions of U.S. dollars, these attacks threaten the substantial and ever-growing reliance of commerce, governments, and the public upon the new technology to conduct business, carry messages, and process information.
In December 1999, more than forty members of government, industry, and academia assembled at the Hoover Institution to discuss this problem and explore possible countermeasures. The Transnational Dimension of Cyber Crime and Terrorism summarizes the conference papers and exchanges, addressing pertinent issues in chapters that include a review of the legal initiatives undertaken around the world to combat cyber crime, an exploration of the threat to civil aviation, analysis of the constitutional, legal, economic, and ethical constraints on use of technology to control cyber crime, a discussion of the ways we can achieve security objectives through international cooperation, and more. Much has been said about the threat posed by worldwide cyber crime, but little has been done to protect against it. A transnational response sufficient to meet this challenge is an immediate and compelling necessity—and this book is a critical first step in that direction.
Abraham D. Sofaer, who served as legal adviser to the U.S. Department of State from 1985 to 1990, was appointed the first George P. Shultz Distinguished Scholar and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution in 1994.
Taking on Iran
The Best Defense?
The Transnational Dimension of Cyber Crime and Terrorism
The New Terror
Seymour E. Goodman is a professor of international affairs and computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, and director, Consortium for Research on Information Security and Policy, Stanford University.
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The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, founded at Stanford University in 1919 by Herbert Hoover, who went on to become the thirty-first president of the United States, is an interdisciplinary research center for advanced study on domestic and international affairs. The views expressed in its publications are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the staff, officers, or Board of Overseers of the Hoover Institution.
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Hoover Institution Press Publication No. 490 Copyright © 2001 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher.
First printing 2001
Manufactured in the United States of America
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48–1984.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The transnational dimension of cyber crime and terrorism / Abraham D. Sofaer, Seymour E. Goodman [editors] ; Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar [... et al.]. p. cm. — (Hoover national security forum series) Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8179-9982-5 (alk. paper)
1. Computer crimes—Congresses. 2. Cyberterrorism—Congresses. I. Sofaer, Abraham D. II. Goodman, Seymour E. III. Cuéllar, Mariano-Florentino. IV. Series.
HV6773 .T7 2001
3643.47—dc21
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